Differenzierter Neuroendokriner Tumor

Neuroendocrine Tumors: Epidemiology and Classification

Introduction

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors that can arise from various organs and tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and lungs. They are characterized by their ability to secrete hormones, which can lead to a wide range of symptoms and complications.

Historical Classification

Historically, well-differentiated NETs were often referred to as carcinoids. This term is still sometimes used in clinical practice, but it is important to note that carcinoids are only one type of NET.

Modern Classification

The current classification of NETs is based on their histological appearance, grade, and location. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies NETs into three main categories: *

Well-differentiated NETs: These tumors are typically slow-growing and have a low risk of progression and metastasis. They are the most common type of NET.

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Intermediate-grade NETs: These tumors have a higher rate of growth and a higher risk of progression and metastasis compared to well-differentiated NETs. They can often be cured with surgical resection.

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Poorly differentiated NETs: These tumors are aggressive and have a high risk of progression and metastasis. They are relatively rare, and treatment options are limited.

Epidemiology

NETs are relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 5-10 cases per 100,000 people per year. The most common type of NET is gastrointestinal NETs, which account for approximately two-thirds of all cases. NETs can occur at any age, but they are most commonly diagnosed in people between the ages of 50 and 70.